Scientists have discovered a second inner core within Earth, significantly reshaping our understanding of the planet’s structure. Until now, Earth was believed to have four primary layers: the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. However, analysis of seismic data conducted by the International Seismological Centre has revealed a new layer within the inner core.
This discovery was made possible by advanced algorithms used to process seismic waves. Researchers found that Earth’s molten core, with a temperature of approximately 5,000°C (9,000°F), consists of two distinct layers with differing physical properties. These differences are evident in how seismic waves behave depending on their direction of travel—either along the equator or the planet’s rotational axis.
Lead researcher Joan Stevenson suggests that this complex structure may be linked to two cooling phases in Earth’s early history. While the discovery supports existing theories about the intricate composition of Earth’s interior, it highlights the need for further investigation, especially in regions where seismic data is limited.
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